Understand Hepatitis Factors

It is important to understand the various factors that can lead to hepatitis. These include viral infections (such as hepatitis A, B, C, D and E), autoimmune disorders and excessive alcohol consumption. The condition is classified into two main categories: acute and chronic.

• Acute hepatitis is a short-term inflammation typically caused by hepatitis A and E viruses, which can rapidly impair liver function.
• Chronic hepatitis, primarily caused by hepatitis B and C viruses, is a long-term condition that can lead to complications such as fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, and ultimately, death.

It is important to be aware of the common symptoms of hepatitis to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment. These include:

• Fever
• Loss of appetite
• Fatigue
• Pale stools
• Dark urine
• Nausea and vomiting
• Abdominal pain
• Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)

Indonesia is facing a significant hepatitis burden. It is estimated that 1.01% of the population, equating to approximately 2.5 million individuals, are infected with the Hepatitis C virus. It is of even greater concern that approximately 7.1% of the population, or around 18 million people, are living with the Hepatitis B virus.

While there’s no cure for some types of hepatitis, prevention and early detection are vital. Here’s what you can do:

• Avoid sharing needles: This is crucial in preventing the spread of hepatitis B and C.
• Limit alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol intake can damage the liver.
• Practice good hygiene: Washing hands regularly can help prevent the spread of hepatitis A and E.
• Maintain a healthy diet: A balanced diet supports overall liver health.
• Get vaccinated: Immunization against hepatitis A and B is highly recommended.
• Regular health checks: Early detection is key. High-risk individuals should undergo screening tests, including HBsAg for hepatitis B, anti-HCV antibody for hepatitis C, and ALT and AST liver function tests.